Lecture 08 Thursday March 30 2008
Mitochondria
- phylogenetic chart
- humans are the culmination of a mosaic of different organisims working together
archgenetics
- when organisms had common ancesters and how long ago the organisms divergd or evolved
- we have an idea of how long it takes a mutation to overtake the general population
the history of lice
- pubic vs. head lice
- gorillas have pubic but not head lice
- chimps have head but not pubic lice
- head lice is 13 million years old
- pubic lice is 3 million years old
- there is speculation that humans used gorilla nests and contracted their lice
Ulsers
- hpylori
- 58 thousand years ago it was introduced to human populations
- as a comparison to lice
Nitrogen fixing bacteria
- nodules on the roots of plants
- clover -
- what is great about nitrogen fixing?
- proteins need amino acids and nitrogen is essential to amino acid construction
- humans get nitrogen by eating plants
- plants extract nitrogen from the air (80% nitrogen) by a synergistic relationship with bacteria
- it exchanges sugar for nitrogen
- forest fire rebirths are characterized by large growth of alder species which have increased ability to nitrogen fix
- alfalfa is planted after a cash crop to renitroginate the soil
fungi
- Almost every plant has a special relationship with fungi
- roots are stuffed with fungi
- ladyslipper
- microrizne - root fungus
- without the proper mircrotizne the tree will not grow even in good soil, with good minerals, and good water
Protozoa
- microorganisms under an milimetre long
- some protozoa live in the intestines of termites
- they allow the termite to digest or break down cellulose in wood
ORGANISMS LIVING TOGETHER
Squid
- luminescent bacteria
- born with a hole in their head
- this allows and encourages bacteria to crawl in and a pouch develops
- specifically luminescnet bacteria
- these bacteria function for the squid as a head lamp
- the squid constantly maintains his flashlight colony by flushing or squeezing it out every few days
ants marching
- tree in costa rica
- domatia - a hotel at the base of the tree for the ants
- dave matthews band milk story
Likens
- a combination of allgea and fungi
- carrabou liken from the artic
- they have leaves for photosynthesis
- the have fruit cells for sexual reproduction
modular properties
- you can take likens apart and grow them as constituent organisms
- but they grow individually as blobs but come together in fantastic structures
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